On the Application layer you will find Application protocols such as SMTP (for e-mail), FTP (for file transfer) and HTTP (for web browsing). TCP/IP architecture can be seen in Figure 1.Īs you can see, TCP/IP has four layers. Don’t worry about this for now we will explain all you need to know about them later. There are several other protocols related to TCP/IP like FTP, HTTP, SMTP and UDP – just to name a few. Its name, for example, already refers to two different protocols, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and IP (Internet Protocol). TCP/IP is not really a protocol, but a set of protocols – a protocol stack, as it is most commonly called. Consider the present tutorial as a sequel to our OSI Reference Model tutorial. Like in real world, if they are not talking the same language, they cannot communicate.īefore going further, we recommend you to read our tutorial The OSI Reference Model for Network Protocols, which is a primer for understanding how network protocols work. So, what is a network protocol anyway? Protocol is like a language used to make two computers to talk to each other. ![]() ![]() In this tutorial we will explain how it works in a very easy to follow language. ![]() TCP/IP is the most used network protocol nowadays.
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